Many genes identified that leads to cancer
May 19, 2008
Washington – Recent studies have indicated towards the breakthrough in pinpointing hundreds of genes that may have a main role to play in the growth of cancer. The study team led by scientist from the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI) and from the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute analyzed the DNA of more than five hundred lymphomas to discover the cancer causing mutations.
They have exposed just over 10,000 mutations in general that jointly connect almost 350 regions in the mouse genome in cancer formation. Fifty of these regions are in contact to genes known to be concerned in human cancers whereas the other regions were narrative that may add to our accessible knowledge of cancers.
The studies used a virus, known as the murine leukaemia virus, to create mutations in cancer genes. This virus chiefly aims at white blood cells, resulting in lymphoma, a common tumor of the blood system.
“Human cancers are usually thought to be formed by the stepwise accumulation of mutations that disrupt genes within a cell, and the virus mimics this process as it inserts itself into the mouse genome. The virus then acts as a ‘tag’, allowing us to identify where it has integrated and which gene or genes have been disrupted,” explained Dr David Adams.
“By finding an average of 20 mutations from each of the 500 tumours, not only did we find many new cancer genes, but we can see which genes work together in the same cell to transform it into a lymphoma,” added Dr. Jaap Kool.
“The benefit of our system in the mouse is that, unlike human tumors, which usually contain many different types of genetic alternations, the causal mutations that initiate these tumors in mice can be easily identified and studied,” explained Adams.
ANI
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