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Botanical Classification |
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Kingdom |
Plantae |
Division |
Magnoliophyta |
Class |
Magnoliopsida |
Order |
Apiales |
Family |
Apiaceae |
Genus |
Cuminum |
Species |
Cyminum |
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Family |
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Botanical- Apiaceae
Ayurvedic- shatpushpa kul
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Other Names |
English name- cumin seed
Hindi name- jeera
Sanskrit name- jeerak
Gujarati name- jeeru
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Habitat |
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It is found in temperate climate. It is found in more of the middle Asian and South Asian countries. It is more prominently cultivated in region of Asia Minor and Iran and Middle East. In India it is found every where and especially it is grown in areas like Punjab, Rajasthan, and Uttar Pradesh
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Morphology |
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It has a small shrub attaining a height of 1 foot. Stem is multiply branched and is angular. It has stripes over it. Leaves are divided into 2 to 3 parts. These bears strip over it. Bluish green in color. Flowers are of white to pinkish in color. Fruit is of light brown in color. It is ¼ inch in length. Its apex and base are thin and bears strips all over it. The plant, flowers and fruits at the end of winters.
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Chemical Constituents |
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It possesses volatile oil which is 2 to 4 % that provides cumin with its odor and taste. It contains 20% cumaldehyde. Besides these seeds contain 10 % stable oils, 11.9 % moisture, 18.1 % protein, carbohydrate 36.6 %, minerals oils 4.5 %, calcium 1.08 %, phosphorus 0.49 % and Iron 31 %. Per 100 grams vitamin A is 870 E.U. and vitamin c 3 mg
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Pharmacology |
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According to ayurveda it contains
Gunna (properties) – laghu (light) and ruksh (dry)
Rasa (taste) – katu (pungent)
Virya (potency) – ushan (hot)
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Toxicology |
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Jeerak has no toxic effect on the body and is safe for human consumption.
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Plant part used |
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Seeds
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Indication |
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- Body aches
- Inflammation
- Appetizer
- Worm infestation
- Diarrhea
- Blood purifier
- Dysurea
- Skin diseases
- Fever
- Vomiting and nausea
- General body weakness
- Gonorrhea
- Female tonic
- Menstrual disturbances
- Leucorrhea
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Uses |
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- Paste- it is used in applying on pain and inflammation on any part of the body. It is also applied on skin related problems and also on itching. It is also applied on pile masses to get instant relief from hemorrhoids and its pain. It is also applied on insect bite and scorpion bites.
- Powder- it is used as kajal for applying in eyes in case of eyes related problems. It is given in case of indigestion, abdominal distension, loss of appetite, tastelessness, vomiting, abdominal pain and worms. In such cases first cumin seeds are roasted and the made powder. It is also given in cases of heart related ailments and blood disorders. It is very effective in urine related problems like renal calculi and females related problems. It is effective in leucorrhea and breast discomfort. It is also helpful in providing strength to the females after delivery. It is widely given in fevers especially the chronic one.
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