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Botanical Classification |
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Kingdom |
Plantae |
Division |
Magnoliophyta |
class |
magnoliopsida |
Order |
solanales |
Family |
solanaceae |
Genus |
Capsicum |
Species |
annuum |
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Family |
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Botanical - Solanaceae
Ayurvedic – kantkari kul
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Other Names |
- English : Chillies, Long Chilies, Red Chillies
- Hindi : Lalmirca
- Kannada : Kempumenasu
- Malayalam : Mulaku, Kappalmulaku, Paccamulaku, Cuvannamulaku
- Sanskrit : Katuvirah, Raktamaricah
- Tamil : Milagai
- Telugu : Mirapakaya
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Habitat |
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Cultivated throughout India
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Morphology |
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A suffrutescent annual shrub, 0.75-1.8 m in height with many angular branches; leaves simple, of 'varying shapes, entire, acuminate, usually wrinkled; flowers white or violet, in clusters of two or more; fruits long, cylindrical, ovoid, obtuse or oblong, red when ripe with smooth shiny surface; seeds many, yellow, smooth, round, discoid with a spinescent protuberance on the edge.
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Chemical Constituents |
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| The fruits yield an oleorss in containing the characteristic odor and flavor of the spice. The major constituent of the oleoresir is capesaicin. The vacuum isolated bell pepper oil contains 2-methoxy-3-isobutylpyrazine. trans-b-ocimene, limonene, methyl salicylate, linalool, and hex-cis-3-enol as major constituents. Additional components detected in larger amounts in oil isolated at atmospheric pressure are non-1 - en-4-one. Non-trans-2-en-4-one. nona-trans, trans-2,5-dien-4-one, 2-entyl-furan and benzaladehyde. 2-isobutyll-3-methoxy pyraxine is an important flavor component of bell and Jalapeno peppers. Other important aroma components of bell-pepper are nona-trans. cis-2, 6-dienal and deca-trans. trans-2,4-dienal
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Pharmacology |
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| According to ayurveda it contains
- Gunna (properties) – ruksh (dry), laghu (light) and tikshan (sharp)
- Rasa (taste) – katu (pungent)
- Virya (potency) – ushan (hot)
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Toxicology |
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No toxic effect was seen on human body with its consumption.
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Plant part used |
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Fruits
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Indication |
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- Head ache
- Joint pains
- Pains in body
- Throat related problems
- Skin related ailments
- Poisoning
- Diphtheria
- Arthritis
- Tastelessness
- Loss of appetite
- Heart related ailments
- Dysurea
- Erotic
- Fever
- Obesity
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Uses |
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The fruits are acrid, bitter, thermogenic, digestive, carminative, laxative, expectorant, sialagogue, and stimulant, cardio tonic, antipyretic, antiperiodic, sudorific and rubefacient. They are useful in cephalalgia, gout, arthritis, sciatica, hoarseness, anorexia, dyspepsia, flatulence, cough, cardiac debility, malarial and intermittent fevers, dropsy, cholera, indolent ulcers and vitiated conditions of kapha.
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