A strong, branched, prickly annual, 60-90 cm in height with yellow latex; leaves simple, sessile, spiny, semi-amplexicaul, sinuate-pinnatifid, variegated with white, spinous, veins white; flowers large, bright yellow, terminal on short leafy branches; fruits prickly capsules, oblong-ovoid, opening by 4-6 valves; seeds numerous.
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The plant is bitter, acrid, cooling, vulnerary, diuretic, purgative, anti-inflammatory, expectorant, aphrodisiac, emetic, depurative, anodyne, anathematic, antipyretic, ophthalmic, stomachic and sedative. ' The roots are useful in guinea-worm infestation, skin diseases, leprosy, purities, menorrhagia, inflammations, all types of poisoning, constipation, flatulence, colic, malarial fever and vesicular calculus. The leaves are useful in cough, wounds, ulcers and skin diseases. The seeds are useful in vitiated conditions of kapha, cough, asthma, pertusis, skin diseases, leprosy, ulcers, wounds, odontalgia, dental caries, constipation, rheumatalgia, colic and flatulence. The latex is useful in dropsy, jaundice, skin diseases, leprosy, blisters, indolent ulcers, conjunctivitis, inflammations, burning sensation and malarial fever. The oil is useful in indolent ulcers, wounds, leprosy, skin diseases, constipation, flatulence, colic and rheumatalgia.
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