Botanical – fabeaceae

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• English : Siris tree
• Hindi : Siris siris
• Kannada : Begemara
• Malayalam : Nenmenivaka vaka
• Sanskrit : Sirisah, Bhandi
• Tamil : Vakai Siridam
• Telugu : Dirisana

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It is found throughout India. It is also cultivated for commertial purposes.

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A medium to large sized unarmed deciduous tree about 20 m in height with an umbrella-shaped crown and grey to dark brown rough irregularly cracked bark; leaves abruptly bipinnate, main rachis with a large gland above' he base and one below the upper-most pair of pinnae, pinnae 2 -4 pairs, leaflets 5 - 9 pairs with glands between their bases, the lateral ones elliptic-oblong, the two terminal ovate-oblong, all unequal sided; flowers white, fragrant, in globose umbellate heads; fruits long, chlaracteristic pods, bluntly pointed, thin, pale yellow, smooth, shiny, reticulately veined above the seed; seeds 4 -12, pale brown, ellipsoid, oblong, compressed.

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The bark yields tannins of condensed type, viz. D-catechin, isomers of leucocyanidin and melacacidin and a new leucoantho-cyanidin, lebbecacidin. It also gives triedelin and t3-sitosterol. Seeds gave crude protein, calcium, phosphorus, iron, niacin, and ascorbic acid, amino acid composition of the protein is: arginine, histidine, leucine & isoleucine lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tyrosine, and valine. The flowers contain lupeoL a-and t3-amyrin and_a_pigment similar to crocetin.

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Saponin fraction and seed extract of plant significantly reduced the number of ruptured mast cells, in both mesenteric bits and peritoneal fluid obtained from sensitised rats and this effect was identical in both types of systemic anaphylaxis (active and passive). A new saponin isolated from roots and characterised as echinocystic acid-3-O-L-rhamnopyranosyl (l - 5)- b -3-D-xylofuransosyl (l - 4)- b -3-D-gluco pyranoside

According to ayurveda it contains

• Gunna (properties) –laghu (light) and ruksh (dry)
• Rasa (taste) – tickt (bitter) and kashaya (astringent)
• Virya (potency) – ushan (hot)

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It has no toxic effect on human body if taken in limited amount. If consumed in larger doses it causes vomiting.

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Fruit, bark, leaves and flower.

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1. Alergy
2. Inflammation
3. Pain
4. Poisoning
5. Eyes related ailments
6. Blood purifier
7. Skin related troubles
8. Mouth related problems
9. Cough, cold and asthma.
10. Impotence

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Paste- it is effective in reducing pain and inflammation. It also improves skin texture. It helps in string bites by insects when appliedon the bitten part. It is also applied on the skin in case of any disorder. It is also applied on the wounds and injury. It is also applied on gums in tooth weakness.

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