Shalya tantra (General Surgery)
Ayurveda has mentioned surgery which is more advanced than that of the present era. Surgery belongs to the Dhanwantry School. Sushurut samhita is considered as the pioneer in giving procedures in surgeries. Sushurut the composer of sushurut samhita has very nice described every thing regarding surgery. It is a fact that for performing surgeries we must have a greater knowledge of anatomy. If compare anatomy as mentioned in sushurut, you will find it more superior and more descriptive the modern day anatomy. Knowledge of muscle, bones and tendons and ligaments was very much known to the ancient ayurvedic physician and surgeons.
Sushurut has mentioned complete and step by step details of various procedures that are related to the disorders like tumors, hemorrhages, injuries, fractures and deliveries. Good references of complicated procedures like intestinal obstructions and renal calculus have also been found. Cosmetic surgery was very advanced in that era. His surgery of trichiasis (eye related disorder) can be related to the techniques followed in modern day surgeries. Sushurut samhita also carries full description of the instruments used in performing surgeries. These instruments were made from stones, wood, metals and animal bones etc. a proper care like sterilization of those instruments were also taken into consideration. Usage of jaloka (leech) in skin related disorders and other ailments was also in use which modern science has now started practicing. Usage of kshar sutra (medicated thread) was used in excising the part which was to be operated which was the best technique to avoid any king of infection and recovery was very fast.
